1. A cohort-based study of host gene expression: tumor suppressor and innate immune/inflammatory pathways associated with the HIV reservoir size

A cohort-based study of host gene expression: tumor suppressor and innate immune/inflammatory pathways associated with the HIV reservoir sizeImpact of Mental Health Treatment on Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure and Ischemic Heart Disease

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CEUs: 2 Clinical

Average read time: 130 minutes.

Short Summary of the Article:

The article “Host gene expression and HIV reservoir size” published in PLOS Pathogens investigates the complex interactions between host gene expression and the size of the HIV reservoir, which remains a significant challenge in achieving a functional cure for HIV. It highlights key molecular and immunological pathways that contribute to HIV persistence, including the roles of cytokines like IL-10, microbial translocation, and immune activation. The study also discusses the implications of specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets that influence HIV latency and immune responses during antiretroviral therapy (ART). Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the size of the viral reservoir and improving patient outcomes.

Learning Outcomes 

Upon completion of this activity, you should have an understanding of:

1. The role of host gene expression in the persistence of HIV reservoirs and how specific biomarkers like IL-10 and microbial translocation contribute to chronic immune activation and viral latency during ART.
2. The significance of immune activation pathways in HIV infection, particularly how certain cytokines (such as IL-10 and TNF-alpha) regulate immune responses and the establishment of viral reservoirs.
3. Potential therapeutic targets for reducing the HIV reservoir size, including how modulation of pathways such as TLR7 agonists and Connexin hemichannels may help to control or eradicate latent HIV.

(Max of 3 Attempts)